Summary
Q fever has long been considered a rare disease. The extensive outbreak in the Netherlands
generated a body of literature based solely on the consensus in the Netherlands. As
a long-standing expert on Q fever, I offer my experience and recommendations to the
E-CDC and the Dutch Q fever Consensus Group. My (biased) opinion is that experts deeply
involved in the field continue to be useful in the management of outbreaks and can
avoid decisions that produce an unfavorable progression in patients. Here, I propose
that the definition of “chronic Q fever” be avoided and suggest a new score-based
diagnosis for Q fever endocarditis and vascular infection.
Keyword
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of InfectionAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Chronic Q fever: review of the literature and a proposal of new diagnostic criteria.J Infect. 2012; 64: 247-259
- Q fever endocarditis in the south of France.J Infect Dis. 1987; 155: 570-573
- Diagnosis of endocarditis in acute Q-fever by immunofluorescence serology.Acta Virol. 1988; 32: 70-74
- Q fever.Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999; 12: 518-553
- Natural history and pathophysiology of Q fever.Lancet Infect Dis. 2005; 5: 219-226
- Coxiella burnetii infection among blood donors during the 2009 Q-fever outbreak in the Netherlands.Transfusion. 2012; 52: 144-150
- Coxiella burnetii genotyping.Emerg Infect Dis. 2005; 11: 1211-1217
- Relationship between Mycobacterium tuberculosis phylogenetic lineage and clinical site of tuberculosis.Clin Infect Dis. 2012; 54: 211-219
- Q fever pneumonia: virulence of Coxiella burnetii pathovars in a murine model of aerosol infection.Infect Immun. 2005; 73: 2469-2477
- Coxiella burnetii isolates cause genogroup-specific virulence in mouse and guinea pig models of acute Q fever.Infect Immun. 2009; 77: 5640-5650
- Screening for Coxiella burnetii infection during pregnancy: pros and cons according to the Wilson and Jungner criteria.Euro Surveill. 2012; 17: 20061
Tilburg JJ, Roest H-JIJ, Buffet S, Nabuurs-Franssen MH, Horrevorts AM, Raoult D, et al. Epidemic C. burnetii genotype, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis, in press.
Angelakis E, D'Amato RF, Richet H, Roland JM, Raoult D. The strain specific effects of Coxiella burnettii on pregnancy in humans. Emerg Infect Dis, submitted for publication.
- Genomotyping of Coxiella burnetii using microarrays reveals a conserved genomotype for Hard Tick isolates.PLoS ONE. 2011; 6: e25781
- Managing Q fever during pregnancy: the benefits of long-term cotrimoxazole therapy.Clin Infect Dis. 2007; 45: 548-555
- Serological evaluation of O fever in humans: enhanced phase I titers of immunoglobulins G and A are diagnostic for Q fever endocarditis.Infect Immun. 1983; 41: 1089-1098
- Treatment of Q fever endocarditis: comparison of two regimens containing doxycycline and ofloxacin or hydroxychloroquine.Arch Intern Med. 1999; 159: 167-173
- Q fever serology: cutoff determination for microimmunofluorescence.Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1994; 1: 189-196
- Coxiella burnetii infection of aortic aneurysms or vascular grafts: report of 30 new cases and evaluation of outcome.Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007; 26: 635-640
- Modification of the diagnostic criteria proposed by the Duke endocarditis service to permit improved diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis.Am J Med. 1996; 100: 629-633
- Proposed modifications to the Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.Clin Infect Dis. 2000; 30: 633-638
- Q fever in France, 1985–2009.Emerg Infect Dis. 2011; 17: 350-356
- Chronic Q fever: different serological results in three countries–results of a follow-up study 6 years after a point source outbreak.Clin Infect Dis. 2011; 52: 1013-1019
- Long-term outcome of Q fever endocarditis: a 26-year personal survey.Lancet Infect Dis. 2010; 10: 527-535
- Chronic Q fever detection in the Netherlands.Clin Infect Dis. 2011; 53: 1170-1171
- Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in the sera of patients with Q fever endocarditis or vascular infection.J Clin Microbiol. 2004; 42: 4919-4924
- Being careful with PCR to avoid erroneous discoveries.Scand J Infect Dis. 2011; 43: 323-324
- Cardiac valves in patients with Q fever endocarditis: microbiological, molecular, and histologic studies.J Infect Dis. 2003; 187: 1097-1106
- Q fever endocarditis: a surgical view and a word of caution.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003; 125: 217-218
- Shifting priorities in the aftermath of a Q fever epidemic in 2007 to 2009 in the Netherlands: from acute to chronic infection.Euro Surveill. 2012; 17: 20059
- Q fever 1985–1998-clinical and epidemiologic features of 1383 infections.Medicine. 2000; 79: 109-123
- Management of infective endocarditis: challenges and perspectives.Lancet. 2012; 379: 965-975
- Relevance of the positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of vascular graft infection with Coxiella burnetii.Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012; 35: 45-49
- Long-term persistence of Coxiella burnetii after acute primary Q fever.QJM. 2005; 98: 7-20
- Prevention of Q fever endocarditis.Lancet Infect Dis. 2011; 11: 82-83
- Changing clinical presentation of Q fever endocarditis.Clin Infect Dis. 2002; 34: E28-E31
- Identification of risk factors for chronic Q fever, the Netherlands.Emerg Infect Dis. 2012; 18: 563-570
- From acute Q fever to endocarditis: serological follow-up strategy.Clin Infect Dis. 2007; 44: 1337-1340
Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 25, 2012
Accepted:
April 10,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
