Journal of Infection
Volume 60, Issue 5 , Pages 354-359 , May 2010

A new multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from rectal swabs

  • Dona Benadof

      Affiliations

    • Laboratorio de Microbiología, Roberto del Rio Hospital, Zañartu Ave. 1085, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Marcela San Martín

      Affiliations

    • Laboratorio de Microbiología, Barros Luco Trudeau Hospital, José Miguel Carrera Ave. 3204, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Judith Aguirre

      Affiliations

    • Laboratorio de Microbiología, Roberto del Rio Hospital, Zañartu Ave. 1085, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Liliana Paredes

      Affiliations

    • Laboratorio de Microbiología, Barros Luco Trudeau Hospital, José Miguel Carrera Ave. 3204, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Rodrigo Malig

      Affiliations

    • Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, TAAG Genetics S.A., Antonio Bellet 77, Of. 703. Providencia, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Francisco Melo

      Affiliations

    • Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Gaëlle Lehouque

      Affiliations

    • Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, TAAG Genetics S.A., Antonio Bellet 77, Of. 703. Providencia, Santiago, Chile
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +56 2 264 38 76, fax: +56 2 264 27 95.

,Accepted 24 February 2010.

References 

  1. Rice L. Emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7:183–187
  2. Patel R, Uhl J, Kohner P, Hopkins M, Cockerill F. Multiplex PCR detection of vanA, vanB, vanC-1, and vanC-2/3 genes in enterococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1997;35:703–707
  3. D'Agata E, Gautam S, Green W, Tang Y. High rate of false-negative results of the rectal swab culture method in detection of gastrointestinal colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:167–172
  4. Palladino S, Kay I, Flexman J, Boehm I, Costa A, Lambert E, et al. Rapid detection of vanA and vanB genes directly from clinical specimens and enchrichment broths by real-time multiplex PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:2483–2486
  5. Ballard SA, Grabsch EA, Johnson PD, Grayson M. Comparison of three PCR primer sets for identification of vanB gene carriage in feces and correlation with carriage of vancomycin-resistant enterococci: interference by vanB-containing anaerobic bacilli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49:77–81
  6. Yean C, Yin L, Lalitha P, Ravichandran M. A nanoplex PCR assay for the rapid detection of vancomycin and bifunctional aminoglycoside resistance genes in Enterococcus species. BMC Microbiol. 2007;7:112
  7. Sloan L, Uhl J, Vetter E, Schleck C, Harmsen W, Manahan J, et al. Comparison of the Roche LightCycler vanA/ vanB detection assay and culture for detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from perianal swabs. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:2636–2643
  8. Stamper P, Cai M, Lema C, Eskey K, Carroll K. Comparison of the BD GeneOhm VanR Assay to culture for identification of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in rectal and stool specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45:3360–3365
  9. Alonzo T, Pepe M. Using a combination of reference tests to assess the accuracy of a new diagnostic test. Statist Med. 1999;18:2987–3003
  10. Newcombe R. Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods. Statist Med. 1998;17:857–872
  11. Pepe M. The statistical evaluation of medical tests for classification and prediction. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2003;
  12. Zhou X, Obuchowski N, McClish D. Statistical methods in diagnostic medicine. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2002;
  13. Yang S, Lin S, Khalil A, Gaydos C, Nuemberger E, Juan G, et al. Quantitative PCR assay using sputum samples for rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in adult emergency department patients. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:3221–3226
  14. Baughman A, Bisgard K, Cortese M, Thompson W, Sanden G, Strebel P. Utility of composite reference standards and latent class analysis in evaluating the clinical accuracy of diagnostic tests for pertussis. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008;15:106–114
  15. Campbell L, Woods V, Lloyd T, Elsayed S, Church D. Evaluation of the OSOM® trichomonas rapid test versus wet prep exam for detection of T. vaginalis (TV) Vaginitis in women with a low prevalence of infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46(10):3467–3469
  16. del Mar Lleo M, Bonato B, Signoretto C, Canepari P. Vancomycin resistance is maintained in enterococci in the viable but nonculturable state and after division is resumed. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47:1154–1156
  17. Donskey C, Chowdhry T, Hecker M, Hoyen C, Hanrahan J, Hujer A, et al. Effect of antibiotic therapy on the density of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the stool of colonized patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1925–1932
  18. Graham M, Ballard S, Grabsch E, Johnson P, Grayson M. High rates of fecal carriage of nonenterococcal vanB in both children and adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:1195–1197
  19. Harrington S, Ross T, Gebo K, Merz W. Vancomycin Resistance, esp, and strain relatedness: a 1-year study of enterococcal bacteremia. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:5895–5898
  20. Oprea S, Zaidi N, Donabedian S, Balasubramaniam M, Hershberger E, Zervos M. Molecular and clinical epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. J Antimicrob Chemothe. 2004;53:626–630
  21. Choi S, Lee S, Kim T, Chung J, Choo E, Kwak Y, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of bacteremia caused by Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum: analysis of 56 cases. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:53–61
  22. Ratanasuwan W, Iwen P, Hinrichs S, Rupp M. Bacteremia due to motile Enterococcus species: clinical features and outcomes. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;28:1175–1177
  23. McGowan J. Economic impact of antimicrobial resistance. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7:286–292
  24. Muto C, Jernigan J, Ostrowsky B, Richet H, Jarvis W, Boyce J, et al. SHEA guideline for preventing nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2003;24:362–386
  25. Shadel B, Puzniak L, Gillespie K, Lawrence S, Kollef M, Mundy L. Surveillance for vancomycin-resistant enterococci: type, rates, costs, and implications. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2006;27:1068–1075
  26. Diekema D, Dodgson K, Sigurdardottir B, Pfaller M. Rapid detection of antimicrobial-resistant organism carriage: an unmet clinical need. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:2879–2883
  27. Fica A, Jemenao M, Bilbao P, Ruiz G, Sakurada A, Pérez de Arce E, et al. Emergencia de infecciones por Enterococcus sp resistente a vancomicina en un hospital universitario en Chile. Rev Chil Infect. 2007;24(6):462–471

PII: S0163-4453(10)00054-X

doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.02.011

Journal of Infection
Volume 60, Issue 5 , Pages 354-359 , May 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution